-yo_3

de: may I, let me ... / may he, let him ...

hm: 3

lx: -ado

ps: v3a-1sg/3m-opt

key: -ado_3

de: was / were not

hm: 3

lx: -ayn

ps: v5a-neg-past

xe: He was not slim when he got married.

xv: =-eyn

key: -ayn_3

de: I am / he is not doing (X)

hm: 2

lx: -ayo

ps: v1-1sg/3m-neg-prpg

xe: I am not eating anything.

xv: Waxba maan cunayo.

key: -ayo_2

de: our [exclusive]

hm: 4

lx: -ayo

ps: pro-det-1pl

see: =-kayaga

key: -ayo_4

de: to [INFINITIVE]

hm: 3

lx: -eyn

ps: v2b-inf

xe: =-ee

xv: =-yn

key: -eyn_3

de: of, belonging to, connected with [GENITIVE PLURAL] Used only on feminine nouns

hm: 3

lx: -ood

ps: n-f-gen-pl

xe: womens talk', sagaal bilood 'nine months'; = -o [pl] + -od [gen]

xv: hadal naagood

key: -ood_3

de: hey you! [FEMININE VOCATIVE] Used to call or address a female

hm: 3

lx: -ooy

ps: name-f-voc-suf

xe: Oh Eve!

xv: -aay, -eey

key: -ooy_3

de: I do / he does (X)

hm: 3

lx: -yaa

ps: v2-1sg/3m-prhb

xe: he cleans it

xv: safeeyaa

key: -yaa_3

a: =-yey

de: I / he did X

hm: 3

lx: -yay

ps: v2-1sg/3m-past

key: -yay_3

de: I / he did (X)

hm: 3

lx: -yey

ps: v2-1sg/3m-past

xe: he made it

xv: sameeyey

key: -yey_3

a: aayatiin

de: future, destiny

hm: 3

lx: aayo

pd: (/ha)

ps: n6-m

key: aayo_3

de: don't! [NEGATIVE IMPERATIVE PLURAL] Added to imperative singular form

hm: 3

lx: -a

ps: v-neg-imp-pl

xe: Dont you all bring it!', Ha safeynnina! 'Don't clean it!', Ha imannina! 'Don't come!

xv: Ha keenina!

key: -a_3

de: [ATTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVE DERIVING SUFFIX] Derives attributive adjectives from nouns

hm: 3

lx: -e

ps: adj-atr-suf

xe: lower

xv: hoose

key: -e_3

de: SUBJECT MARKER Used to mark some feminine nouns (

hm: 3

lx: -i

ps: np-f-subj-suf

xe: This is a house. )

xv: Kani waa guri.

key: -i_3

de: do not ~ don't (X)!

hm: 3

lx: -n

ps: v2a-neg-imp

xe: Dont cook it!

xv: Ha karin!

key: -n_3

FIELD24: ilko

FIELD25: teeth

de: PLURAL FORM Plural suffix for noun declensions 1-3

hm: 1

lx: -o

ps: n-pl-suf

xe: friends

xv: saaxiibbo

key: -o_1

de: do for oneself [AUTOBENE-FACTIVE]

hm: 2

lx: -o

ps: v3-suf

xe: go to sleep

xv: seexo

key: -o_2

de: that is / are (X)ing Relative present verb suffix

hm: 4

lx: -o

ps: v-rel-prhb

xe: I must see you.

xv: Waa in aan ku arko.

key: -o_4

de: may I / may he do (X)!; let me / him (X)!

hm: 5

lx: -o

ps: v1-1sg/3m-opt

xe: Let me eat this food!

xv: Cuntadan an cuno!

key: -o_5

de: NOUN DECLENSION SIX FORMER

hm: 6

lx: -o

ps: n6-f-suf

xe: drive > waddo 'road', sheeg 'tell' > sheeko 'story

xv: wad

key: -o_6

de: SUBJECT MARKER

hm: 3

lx: -u

ps: np-subj-suf

xe: Where is the place?

xv: Meeshu waa xaggee?

key: -u_3

de: hey you! [MASCULINE VOCATIVE] Used when masculine nouns end in -i

lx: -yow

ps: n-m-voc-suf

xe: Hey Ilmi

xv: -ow, -yahow

key: -yow

cf: eey, ey (ga)

de: female dog, bitch

hm: 3

lx: ey

pd: (-da Pl: eyo (/ha))

ps: n5-f, n2-f, n1-f

key: ey_3

de: I do (X) / he does (X)

hm: 3

lx: -aa

ps: v1-1sg/3m-prhb

xe: I go to the movies.

xv: Shaneemada baan tagaa.

key: -aa_3

de: become, get [INCHOATIVE]

hm: 3

lx: -aw

ps: v3a-inch-imp

xe: get near';

xv: -aan [inf], -aad

key: -aw_3

de: I / he did (X)

hm: 3

lx: -ay

ps: v1-1sg/3m-past

xe: he wrote

xv: =-ey

key: -ay_3

a: =-ka after nouns that end in a vowel

de: the [MASCULINE DEFINITE ARTICLE]

hm: 3

lx: -ha

ps: det-m-suf

xe: the water

xv: biyo ~ biyaha

key: -ha_3

de: PAST TIME MARKER

hm: 3

lx: -ii

ps: np-time

xe: at noon; Contrast -a

xv: duhurkii

key: -ii_3

de: do not, don't (X)!

hm: 3

lx: -in

ps: v1-neg-imp

xe: Dont enter!', Ha keenin! 'Don't bring it!

xv: Ha galin!

key: -in_3

a: -a, -ga, -ha

de: the [MASCULINE DEFINITE ARTICLE] Provides new information

hm: 3

lx: -ka

ps: det-m-suf

key: -ka_3

de: the [SUBJECT] Refers to the sentence subject

hm: 3

lx: -ku

ps: det-m-subj

xe: The man is dangerous.

xv: Ninku waa khatar.

key: -ku_3

FIELD24: qofna

FIELD25: no one

FIELD26: waxna

FIELD27: nothing

de: not

hm: 3

lx: -na

ps: neg-suf

xe: not one

xv: midna

key: -na_3

de: we do not do (X)

hm: 1

lx: -no

ps: v1-1pl-neg-prhb

xe: We dont eat that.

xv: Maynu cunno kaas.

key: -no_1

de: that we do (X)

hm: 2

lx: -no

ps: v1-1pl-rel-prhb

xe: He knows that we are here.

xv: Wuu ogyahay inaannu halkan joogno.

key: -no_2

a: =-aw

de: become, get [INCHOATIVE]

hm: 3

lx: -ow

ps: v1-inch-imp

see: =-oob

key: -ow_3

a: =-o

de: do for oneself [AUTOBENEFACTIVE]

hm: 1

lx: -so

ps: v3-suf

xe: buy

xv: iibso

key: -so_1

de: you do not / she does not (X)

hm: 2

lx: -so

ps: v2-neg-prhb

xe: She does not cook.

xv: Mey kariso.

key: -so_2

de: TIME OF Suffix attached to certain time words

hm: 1

lx: -to

ps: time-suf

xv: berrito, dorraato, shaleyto

key: -to_1

de: you do not / she does not (X)

hm: 2

lx: -to

ps: v1-2sg/3f-neg-prhb

xe: Nobody is in.

xv: =-tid

key: -to_2

de: NOUN FORMER Forms nouns from verbs

hm: 4

lx: -to

ps: n6-f-suf

xe: travellers

xv: hostess, socoto

key: -to_4

a: -e or -ee; links declarative verb with other verb constructions

de: and

hm: 1

lx: -ye

ps: conj-suf

key: -ye_1

a: -e with stems ending in -i; makes masculine nouns of Declension 7 showing agent or instrument

de: -er, -or [AGENT / INSTRUMENT]

hm: 2

lx: -ye

ps: n7-m-suf

xe: counter

xv: tiriye

key: -ye_2

de: to [INFINITIVE]

hm: 1

lx: -yn

ps: v2b-inf

xe: to finish off;

xv: -n (1)

key: -yn_1

de: did not (X)

hm: 2

lx: -yn

ps: v2b-neg-past

xe: did not make

xv: =-ynnin

key: -yn_2

de: who?

hm: 1

lx: ayo

ps: qw

xe: What's your family name? [lit: your father's name]

xv: Ina ayahaa?

key: ayo_1

a: hooy

de: take, accept

hm: 3

lx: hoo

pd: (hooyay / hooyday)

ps: v1=tr

key: hoo_3

a: =-ayay

de: I / he was doing (X)

hm: 3

lx: -ayey

ps: v1-1sg/3m-ppgr

key: -ayey_3

de: we are not doing (X)

hm: 1

lx: -ayno

ps: v1-1pl-neg-prpg

key: -ayno_1

de: that we are doing (X)

hm: 2

lx: -ayno

ps: v1-1pl-rel-prpg

xe: when we are teaching

xv: =-eyno

key: -ayno_2

de: that you do / she does (X)

hm: 1

lx: -ayso

ps: v1-2sg/3f-rel-prpg

xe: when you eat ~ are eating

xv: markaad cunayso

key: -ayso_1

de: do (X) for oneself [AUTOBENEFACTIVE] Added to nouns to form an autobenefactive verb of Conjugation 3b

hm: 2

lx: -ayso

ps: v3b-auto-suf

xe: believe (run 'truth'), nabdayso 'greet one another' (nabad 'peace')

xv: rumayso

key: -ayso_2

de: our [exclusive]

hm: 2

lx: -dayo

ps: pro-det-1pl

xe: our mother

xv: =-tayada

key: -dayo_2

de: their

hm: 3

lx: -good

ps: pro-det-3pl

see: =-kooda

key: -good_3

de: ADJECTIVE DERIVING SUFFIX Derives a small number of adjectives from nouns

hm: 3

lx: -soon

ps: adj-suf

xe: confident

xv: kalsoon

key: -soon_3

de: they do (X)

hm: 3

lx: -yaan

ps: v2-3pl-prhb

xe: they cook

xv: kariyaan

key: -yaan_3

de: may they do (X)!; let them do (X)!

hm: 3

lx: -yeen

ps: v2-3pl-opt

key: -yeen_3

de: dikdik, small African antelope sp.

hm: 3

lx: guuyo

pd: (/da)

ps: n-f-col

key: guuyo_3

de: topic, agenda, proposal (with information ~ problems)

hm: 3

initial: w

lx: waayo

pd: (/ha)

ps: n-m-mass

key: waayo_3