Macnaha iyo Turjumaadda | erey•ga

1

a: -a, -ga, -ha

2

de: the [MASCULINE DEFINITE ARTICLE] Provides new information

3

hm: 3

4

lx: -ka

5

ps: det-m-suf

6

key: -ka_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: don't! [NEGATIVE IMPERATIVE PLURAL] Added to imperative singular form

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -a

4

ps: v-neg-imp-pl

5

xe: Dont you all bring it!', Ha safeynnina! 'Don't clean it!', Ha imannina! 'Don't come!

6

xv: Ha keenina!

7

key: -a_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: I do (X) / he does (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -aa

4

ps: v1-1sg/3m-prhb

5

xe: I go to the movies.

6

xv: Shaneemada baan tagaa.

7

key: -aa_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-ka after nouns that end in a vowel

2

de: the [MASCULINE DEFINITE ARTICLE]

3

hm: 3

4

lx: -ha

5

ps: det-m-suf

6

xe: the water

7

xv: biyo ~ biyaha

8

key: -ha_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: FUTURE TIME MARKER

2

hm: 4

3

lx: -ka

4

ps: np-time

5

xe: next year; Contrast: -kii

6

xv: sannadka dambe

7

key: -ka_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: the [SUBJECT] Refers to the sentence subject

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -ku

4

ps: det-m-subj

5

xe: The man is dangerous.

6

xv: Ninku waa khatar.

7

key: -ku_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

FIELD24: qofna

2

FIELD25: no one

3

FIELD26: waxna

4

FIELD27: nothing

5

de: not

6

hm: 3

7

lx: -na

8

ps: neg-suf

9

xe: not one

10

xv: midna

11

key: -na_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

dig¹: m.dh 1. Rubad. 2. Naf. wadnaha ee halbowlayaasha wax yar ka 3. Garaaca laga garto. 4. (sh.r) Cod lagu muujiyo shalaq.

2

dig²: f.g/mg1 (-gay, -gtay) 1. (f. g) Aroos iyo wixi lamida cid ogeysiin. 2. (f.mg) U d.: qof wax u daran oo ku soo fool leh ama lala maagganyahay dareensiin si uu uga gaashaanto.

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: hey you! [FEMININE VOCATIVE] Used to call or address a female

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -aay

4

ps: name-f-voc-suf

5

xe: Hey Halima!

6

xv: -eey, -ooy

7

key: -aay_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-taa

2

de: I do / he does (X)

3

hm: 3

4

lx: -daa

5

ps: v3b-1sg/3m-prhb

6

key: -daa_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: I / he did (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -day

4

ps: v3b-1sg/3m-past

5

xe: he went back

6

xv: noqday

7

key: -day_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: do not (X)!, don't you all do (X)!

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -ina

4

ps: v1-neg-imp-pl

5

xe: Dont write anything on the desks!

6

xv: Wax ha ku qorina miisaska korkooda!

7

key: -ina_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: kaas

2

cf: kan, keer, koo

3

de: that, those

4

hm: 1

5

lx: -kaa

6

ps: deic-m-suf

7

key: -kaa_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: your (own)

2

hm: 4

3

lx: -kaa

4

ps: pro-det-2sg

5

see: =-kaaga

6

key: -kaa_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: my

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -kay

4

ps: pro-det-1sg

5

see: =-kayga

6

key: -kay_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

FIELD24: =-an

2

de: ADJECTIVE DERIVING SUFFIX

3

hm: 3

4

lx: -san

5

ps: adj-suf

6

xe: good

7

xv: wanaagsan

8

key: -san_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: you / she did (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -say

4

ps: v2-2sg/3f-past

5

see: =-sey

6

key: -say_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: you do / she does (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -taa

4

ps: v1-2sg/3f-prhb

5

xe: she goes

6

xv: tagtaa

7

key: -taa_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: my

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -tay

4

ps: pro-det-1sg

5

xe: my daughter

6

xv: =-tayda

7

key: -tay_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: I do / he does (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -yaa

4

ps: v2-1sg/3m-prhb

5

xe: he cleans it

6

xv: safeeyaa

7

key: -yaa_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-yey

2

de: I / he did X

3

hm: 3

4

lx: -yay

5

ps: v2-1sg/3m-past

6

key: -yay_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: each other, one another

2

hm: 3

3

lx: iska

4

ps: pro-recip

5

key: iska_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: -ka after c, h, kh, q, x, '

2

de: the [MASCULINE DEFINITE ARTICLE]

3

hm: 1

4

lx: -a

5

ps: det-m-suf

6

xe: the head

7

xv: madaxa

8

key: -a_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: you all do (X)! [IMPERATIVE PLURAL]

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -a

4

ps: v-imp-pl

5

xe: You all eat it!

6

xv: Cuna!

7

key: -a_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: he / she is not ...; they are not ...

2

hm: 4

3

lx: -a

4

ps: v5a-3-neg-prhb

5

xe: She doesn't like (it).

6

xv: Mey jecla

7

key: -a_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: it is ... who does (X) Reduced subject verb agreement suffix

2

hm: 5

3

lx: -a

4

ps: v-subj-prhb

5

xe: It is I who want it.

6

xv: Aniga ayaa raba.

7

key: -a_5

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: [FUTURE TIME MARKER]

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -a

4

ps: np-time

5

xe: at noon; Contrast -ii, -to

6

xv: duhurka

7

key: -a_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: [ATTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVE DERIVING SUFFIX] Derives attributive adjectives from nouns

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -e

4

ps: adj-atr-suf

5

xe: lower

6

xv: hoose

7

key: -e_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: SUBJECT MARKER Used to mark some feminine nouns (

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -i

4

ps: np-f-subj-suf

5

xe: This is a house. )

6

xv: Kani waa guri.

7

key: -i_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

(suffix; pronoun) this (this) used to refer to only singular masculine nouns ending -ka. Ex: wiilkan; this boy

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: do not ~ don't (X)!

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -n

4

ps: v2a-neg-imp

5

xe: Dont cook it!

6

xv: Ha karin!

7

key: -n_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: I do not / he does not (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -o

4

ps: v1-1sg/3m-neg-prhb

5

xe: He doesnt bring it.

6

xv: Ma keeno.

7

key: -o_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: SUBJECT MARKER

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -u

4

ps: np-subj-suf

5

xe: Where is the place?

6

xv: Meeshu waa xaggee?

7

key: -u_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

cf: ku, la, u

2

de: at, from, off, away, out of; against; across; about, concerning

3

hm: 1

4

lx: ka

5

ps: prep

6

key: ka_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: than [COMPARATIVE]

2

hm: 2

3

lx: ka

4

ps: prep

5

xe: Somalia is smaller than America.

6

xv: Soomaaliya Mareykan wey ka yartahay.

7

key: ka_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: your

2

hm: 4

3

lx: -aa

4

ps: pro-det-2sg

5

xe: your name

6

xv: =-kaaga

7

key: -aa_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: I / he was

2

hm: 5

3

lx: -aa

4

ps: v5a-1sg/3m-past

5

xe: He was heavy.

6

xv: Wuu cuslaa.

7

key: -aa_5

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: [FOCUS] Abr: baa

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -aa

4

ps: focus-suf

5

xe: I used to own this shop.

6

xv: Dukaankan anigaa lahaan jirey.

7

key: -aa_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: become, get [INCHOATIVE]

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -aw

4

ps: v3a-inch-imp

5

xe: get near';

6

xv: -aan [inf], -aad

7

key: -aw_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: I / he did (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -ay

4

ps: v1-1sg/3m-past

5

xe: he wrote

6

xv: =-ey

7

key: -ay_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: -ta on feminine nouns ending in a vowel, d, h, kh, x, w, y, or '

2

de: the [FEMININE DEFINITE ARTICLE]

3

hm: 1

4

lx: -da

5

ps: det-f-suf

6

key: -da_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: [IMPERATIVE PLURAL]

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -da

4

ps: v3-imp-pl

5

xe: stop!

6

xv: joogsada

7

key: -da_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: PAST TIME MARKER

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -ii

4

ps: np-time

5

xe: at noon; Contrast -a

6

xv: duhurkii

7

key: -ii_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: do not, don't (X)!

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -in

4

ps: v1-neg-imp

5

xe: Dont enter!', Ha keenin! 'Don't bring it!

6

xv: Ha galin!

7

key: -in_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-kayaga

2

de: our [exclusive]

3

lx: -kayo

4

ps: pro-det-1pl

5

key: -kayo

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: not; does not ~ doesn't; do, did ~ will not Introduces negative statement; can also be used as a suffix

2

hm: 1

3

lx: -ma

4

ps: neg

5

key: -ma_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: INTERROGATIVE ~ QUESTION MARKER

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -ma

4

ps: qw-class

5

xe: when?

6

xv: goorma

7

key: -ma_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: and

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -na

4

ps: conj-suf

5

xe: He drank liquor and he got drunk.

6

xv: Khamri buu cabbey wuuna sakhraamay.

7

key: -na_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: it is we who do (X)

2

hm: 4

3

lx: -na

4

ps: v1-1pl-subj-prhb

5

xe: While we were in the house, the letter arrived.

6

xv: Annagoo guriga joogna, warqaddii ayaa timid.

7

key: -na_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: let us!; may we do (X)!

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -no

4

ps: v1-1pl-opt

5

xe: Lets drink some tea!

6

xv: Shaah aynu cabno!

7

key: -no_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-koo

2

de: that, those (far away)

3

hm: 3

4

lx: -oo

5

ps: deic-m-suf

6

key: -oo_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-aw

2

de: become, get [INCHOATIVE]

3

hm: 3

4

lx: -ow

5

ps: v1-inch-imp

6

see: =-oob

7

key: -ow_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: may you / she do (X)!; let her do (X)!

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -so

4

ps: v2-2sg/3f-opt

5

xe: May she stop the noise!

6

xv: Qaylada ha joojiso!

7

key: -so_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: -dha, -da, -sha

2

de: the [FEMININE DEFINITE ARTICLE] Provides new information

3

hm: 1

4

lx: -ta

5

ps: det-f-suf

6

key: -ta_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: IMPERATIVE PLURAL

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -ta

4

ps: v3b-imp-pl

5

xe: catch it!

6

xv: qabta

7

key: -ta_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: may you / may she do (X); let her do (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -to

4

ps: v1-2sg/3f-opt

5

xe: Let her go to the games!

6

xv: =-tid

7

key: -to_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: they did (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -ye

4

ps: v2-3pl-ipst

5

key: -ye_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: be (X)ing

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -yo

4

ps: v2-rel-prhb

5

key: -yo_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: first cousin (child of maternal uncle)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: ina

4

pd: (-ga ~ -da Pl: ilma-abti (ga))

5

ps: n2a-m/f, n8-m/f

6

key: ina_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: than you [COMPARATIVE]

2

hm: 3

3

lx: kaa

4

ps: pro + prep

5

xe: Kadar is taller than you.

6

xv: Khadar wuu kaa dheeryahay.

7

key: kaa_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: shoe, sandal

2

hm: 3

3

lx: kab

4

pd: (-ta)

5

ps: n1-f

6

key: kab_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

cf: laf, dhudhun

2

de: bone of the forearm

3

hm: 3

4

lx: kal

5

pd: (/sha)

6

ps: n1-f

7

key: kal_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: steam

2

hm: 3

3

lx: kar

4

pd: (-ka)

5

ps: n0-m-mass

6

key: kar_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: because Used in conversations

2

hm: 3

3

initial: s

4

lx: saa

5

ps: conj

6

key: saa_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: waabberi

2

de: dawn

3

hm: 3

4

initial: w

5

lx: waa

6

pd: (-ga)

7

ps: n-m-time

8

key: waa_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: this, these Shortening of -da + -tan

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -daan

4

ps: deic-f-suf

5

key: -daan_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-kan

2

de: this, here

3

hm: 1

4

lx: -kaan

5

ps: deic-m-suf

6

key: -kaan_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: my

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -shay

4

ps: pro-det-1sg

5

xe: my sister

6

xv: =-tayda

7

key: -shay_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: you all do (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -taan

4

ps: v1-2pl-prhb

5

xe: you all write

6

xv: qortaan

7

key: -taan_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: they do (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -yaan

4

ps: v2-3pl-prhb

5

xe: they cook

6

xv: kariyaan

7

key: -yaan_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

cf: caasimad

2

de: Marka [coastal city in south Somalia] Capital of Shabeellada Hoose region;

3

hm: 3

4

lx: Marka

5

ps: n0-loc

6

key: Marka_3

waa la naqliyay ✓