-ad_5

de: -th [ORDINAL NUMERAL]

hm: 4

lx: -aad

ps: num-ord-suf

xe: fourth

xv: afaraad

key: -aad_4

de: became, got [INCHOATIVE] Added to an adjective to form an inchoative verb of Conjugation 3a

hm: 6

lx: -aad

ps: v3a-inch-suf

xe: became white, brightened

xv: -aw or -ow [imp-sg], -aan [inf, aux, prog]

key: -aad_6

de: -ity, -ness Derives a masculine stative or abstract noun from an adjective

hm: 7

lx: -aad

ps: n-m-abs-suf

xe: state of becoming black

xv: madoobaad

key: -aad_7

de: they do not (X)

hm: 5

lx: -aan

ps: v1-3pl-neg-prhb

xe: They dont eat onions.

xv: Basal mey cunaan.

key: -aan_5

de: the [FEMININE PLURAL] = - o + -da

hm: 1

lx: -ada

ps: n2-f-pl-suf

key: -ada_1

de: [IMPERATIVE PLURAL]

hm: 2

lx: -ada

ps: v3a-imp-pl

xe: (You all) stop!

xv: Joogsada!

key: -ada_2

de: that I do (X) / that he does (X)

hm: 1

lx: -ado

ps: v3-1sg/3m-rel-prhb

xe: that I buy

xv: inaan iibsado

key: -ado_1

de: I do not / he does not (X)

hm: 2

lx: -ado

ps: v3a-1sg/3m-neg-prhb

key: -ado_2

de: may I, let me ... / may he, let him ...

hm: 3

lx: -ado

ps: v3a-1sg/3m-opt

key: -ado_3

de: [FACTITIVE VERB SUFFIX] Derives a factitive verb from an adjective or noun

hm: 5

lx: -ayn

ps: v2b-suf

xe: =-ee

xv: -eyn;

key: -ayn_5

de: you do / she does (X)

hm: 5

lx: -saa

ps: v2a-2sg/3f-prhb

xe: she cooks

xv: karisaa

key: -saa_5

de: did not (X)

hm: 5

lx: -san

ps: v3a-neg-past

xe: did not cook for oneself

xv: =-sannin

key: -san_5

de: -er, -or; -ing [INSTRUMENT; GERUND] Rare suffix that makes masculine verbal nouns of Declension 2

hm: 5

lx: -taa

ps: n2-m-suf

xe: stethoscope

xv: dhegaystaa

key: -taa_5

bw: garab

de: wing (of bird or airplane)

hm: 5

lx: baad

pd: (-ka)

ps: n-m

syn: baal

key: baad_5

a: -ka after c, h, kh, q, x, '

de: the [MASCULINE DEFINITE ARTICLE]

hm: 1

lx: -a

ps: det-m-suf

xe: the head

xv: madaxa

key: -a_1

de: you all do (X)! [IMPERATIVE PLURAL]

hm: 2

lx: -a

ps: v-imp-pl

xe: You all eat it!

xv: Cuna!

key: -a_2

de: don't! [NEGATIVE IMPERATIVE PLURAL] Added to imperative singular form

hm: 3

lx: -a

ps: v-neg-imp-pl

xe: Dont you all bring it!', Ha safeynnina! 'Don't clean it!', Ha imannina! 'Don't come!

xv: Ha keenina!

key: -a_3

de: he / she is not ...; they are not ...

hm: 4

lx: -a

ps: v5a-3-neg-prhb

xe: She doesn't like (it).

xv: Mey jecla

key: -a_4

de: [FUTURE TIME MARKER]

hm: 6

lx: -a

ps: np-time

xe: at noon; Contrast -ii, -to

xv: duhurka

key: -a_6

de: they did (X)

lx: -ade

ps: v3-3pl-ipst

key: -ade

de: the [FEMININE PLURAL SUBJECT] = -o + -da + -u

lx: -adu

ps: n2-f-pl-subj

key: -adu

de: TRANSITIVE / CAUSATIVE VERB MAKER Added to verb conjugation 1 or noun stems to form transitive or causative verbs

hm: 5

lx: -i

ps: v2a-suf

xe: wake s.o. up

xv: toosi

key: -i_5

de: may I / may he do (X)!; let me / him (X)!

hm: 5

lx: -o

ps: v1-1sg/3m-opt

xe: Let me eat this food!

xv: Cuntadan an cuno!

key: -o_5

cf: adiga

de: you, thou

hm: 1

lx: ad

pd: (adi)

ps: pro-red-2sg

key: ad_1

de: may you ... Followed by optative

hm: 2

lx: ad

ps: class-pro-2sg

xe: I hope you bring the food; they are waiting!

xv: Cuntada ad keentid, bey sugayaan!

key: ad_2

de: may you all ... Followed by optative

hm: 3

lx: ad

pd: (aydin)

ps: class-pro-2pl

xe: aalo qabtaan, waa in ad macallinka sugteen! If you have any questions, you should wait for the teacher.

xv: Haddaad su

key: ad_3

de: -ing [GERUND] Makes a masculine verbal noun of Declension 2 from a Conjugation 3 verb

hm: 4

lx: ad

ps: vn2-m-suf

xe: possessing

xv: haysad

key: ad_4

de: poll, canvas

hm: 5

lx: af

pd: (-ka)

ps: n4-m

key: af_5

de: I do (X) / he does (X)

hm: 3

lx: -aa

ps: v1-1sg/3m-prhb

xe: I go to the movies.

xv: Shaneemada baan tagaa.

key: -aa_3

de: your

hm: 4

lx: -aa

ps: pro-det-2sg

xe: your name

xv: =-kaaga

key: -aa_4

de: [FOCUS] Abr: baa

hm: 6

lx: -aa

ps: focus-suf

xe: I used to own this shop.

xv: Dukaankan anigaa lahaan jirey.

key: -aa_6

de: I / he did (X)

lx: -aday

ps: v3a-1sg/3m-past

xe: he bought it for himself

xv: =-adey

key: -aday

de: suppose I do / he does (X)

lx: -adee

ps: v3a-1sg/3m-pot

key: -adee

de: the [FEMININE PLURAL] Indicates known feminine noun

lx: -adii

ps: n2-f-pl-suf

xe: the shops

xv: dukaannadii

key: -adii

a: =-kan

de: this

hm: 4

lx: -an

ps: det-m-suf

xe: this street

xv: dariiqan

key: -an_4

de: [ADJECTIVAL, INCHOATIVE ~ PASSIVE VERB] Derives inchoative verbs from adjectives

hm: 6

lx: -an

ps: v1-inch-suf

xe: got sold

xv: gadan > gadmay

key: -an_6

de: to [AUTOBENEFACTIVE INFINITIVE]

hm: 7

lx: -an

ps: v3-inf-suf

xe: to listen';

xv: -i (2)

key: -an_7

de: did not (X)

hm: 8

lx: -an

ps: v3-neg-past

xe: did not catch

xv: =-annin

key: -an_8

de: become, get [INCHOATIVE]

hm: 3

lx: -aw

ps: v3a-inch-imp

xe: get near';

xv: -aan [inf], -aad

key: -aw_3

a: =-ow

de: become, get [INCHOATIVE]

hm: 4

lx: -aw

ps: v1-inch-imp

see: =-oob

key: -aw_4

de: I / he did (X)

hm: 3

lx: -ay

ps: v1-1sg/3m-past

xe: he wrote

xv: =-ey

key: -ay_3

de: he did (X)

hm: 4

lx: -ay

ps: v3-3m-ipst

xe: He stopped. (independent past form, used for emphasis)

xv: Joogs‡y.

key: -ay_4

de: my

hm: 6

lx: -ay

ps: pro-det-1sg

see: =-kayga

key: -ay_6

de: [FACTITIVE VERB SUFFIX] Derives a factitive verb from an adjective or noun

hm: 5

lx: -ee

ps: v2b-suf

xe: spear

xv: warmee

key: -ee_5

a: =-eey

de: hey you! [FEMININE VOCATIVE]

hm: 5

lx: -ey

ps: n-f-voc-suf

key: -ey_5

de: -ing [GERUND] Makes a feminine noun of Declension 1 from a Conjugation 1 verb stem

hm: 1

lx: -id

ps: vn1-f-suf

xe: writing

xv: =-is

key: -id_1

de: you are not

hm: 2

lx: -id

ps: v5a-2sg-neg-prhb-suf

xe: You dont know.

xv: Maad ogid

key: -id_2

de: we are not

hm: 5

lx: -in

ps: v5a-1pl-neg-prhb

xe: We are not many.

xv: Maannu badnin.

key: -in_5

de: -ing [GERUND] Makes a feminine noun of Declension 1 from a Conjugation 1 verb

hm: 5

lx: -is

ps: vn1-f-suf

xe: ability

xv: karis (ta)

key: -is_5

de: go to (a place), head for; reach, get to (a destination)

hm: 1

lx: aad

pd: (aaday / aadday)

ps: v1=

xe: Im going to the market.

xv: Suuqa ayaan aadayaa.

key: aad_1

cf: adiga

de: you, thou

hm: 2

lx: aad

ps: vpro-2sg

key: aad_2

a: aydin

cf: idinka

de: you [plural], ye

hm: 3

lx: aad

ps: vpro-2pl

key: aad_3

de: very much, quite, a lot; hard, firmly Intensifies a verb or adjective

lx: aad ... u

ps: adv-expr

xe: The houses are very big.

xv: Guryuhu aad bey u waaweynyihiin.

key: aad_u

de: compel, force; be to blame for, cause trouble for, involve in difficulty; make s.o. deserve s.t.

hm: 1

lx: bad

pd: (baday / badday)

ps: v1=

key: bad_1

de: sea, ocean

hm: 2

lx: bad

pd: (-da)

ps: n1-f

key: bad_2

bw: gabbal

de: speck, speckle, spot, mark stain

hm: 5

lx: bar

pd: (-ta)

ps: n1-f

syn: astaan, dhibic, gaashi

key: bar_5

de: white; clear; [ext.] intelligible (of speech) Opp: madow

hm: 1

lx: cad

pd: (caddaa Pl: cadcad)

ps: adj-m

key: cad_1

de: part, piece, portion, share

hm: 2

lx: cad

pd: (-ka Pl: cadad (ka))

ps: n2a-m, n4-m

key: cad_2

cf: dumar, duul, rag, qof, nin, naag

de: people

hm: 1

lx: dad

pd: (-ka)

ps: n-m-col

key: dad_1

de: cover up, conceal, hide

hm: 2

lx: dad

pd: (daday)

ps: v1=

see: ded

key: dad_2

de: people, ancestry, lineage, generation

hm: 5

lx: dar

pd: (-ka)

ps: n-m-col

xe: the previous generation

xv: darkii hore

key: dar_5

de: accusation, blame; reason, cause; fault, guilt

hm: 5

lx: eed

pd: (-da)

ps: n1-f

key: eed_5

de: large cloud

hm: 1

lx: fad

pd: (-ka Pl: fadad (ka))

ps: n4-m

key: fad_1

cf: cad, jab

de: large piece (of s.t.), section

hm: 2

lx: fad

pd: (-ka Pl: fadad (ka))

ps: n4-m

key: fad_2

de: sell

hm: 1

lx: gad

pd: (gaday)

ps: v1=tr

xe: Theyre all sold out.

xv: Waa la wada gaday.

key: gad_1

de: sale, act of selling

hm: 2

lx: gad

pd: (-ka)

ps: vn-m

key: gad_2

de: pond

hm: 5

lx: gal

pd: (-ka Pl: galal (ka))

ps: n4-m

syn: balli

key: gal_5

de: put a decision into God's hands; [ext.] be fair, not be partial

hm: 5

lx: gar

pd: (gar-alleeyey)

ps: v2b=

key: gar_5

de: time, moment, point in time; [fig.] time to die, death

hm: 1

lx: had

pd: (-da)

ps: n1-f

xe: hed

xv: hadimo

key: had_1

de: understand, comprehend

hm: 2

lx: had

pd: (haday)

ps: v1=

key: had_2

de: kill

hm: 3

lx: had

pd: (haday)

ps: v1=

key: had_3

a: hal-adayg

de: firmness, tenacity

hm: 5

lx: hal

pd: (-ta)

ps: n0-f-m

key: hal_5

de: oh! {N & W}

hm: 5

lx: jaw

ps: intj

key: jaw_5

de: patch (up)

hm: 5

lx: kar

pd: (karay)

ps: v1=tr

key: kar_5

bw: med

de: black stone, kind of granite

hm: 1

lx: mad

nt: mad (maday) [v1=] 'stone s.o.'

pd: (-ka)

ps: n-m

key: mad_1

bw: Arabic

cf: Arabic madda

de: lengthen (a vowel, as in Koranic verse)

hm: 2

lx: mad

pd: (maday)

ps: v1=tr

key: mad_2

de: that you [sg / pl] ...; which you ...

hm: 5

lx: ood

ps: conj + vpro

xe: Is there anything else you all want?

xv: Wax kale ood doonaysaan?

key: ood_5

de: produce a loud metallic noise

hm: 5

lx: qab

pd: (dheh)

ps: np-f-expr

key: qab_5

de: unit of ten Note that morphophonemic changes take place

hm: 5

initial: t

lx: tan

pd: (-ka)

ps: num-m-suf

xe: 90

xv: sagaashan

key: tan_5

de: continue, carry on, move, keep on with; operate a machine, drive; conduct, lead; control

hm: 1

initial: w

lx: wad

pd: (waday)

ps: v1=tr

xe: When can they be moved?

xv: wad (ka) [vn-m] 'act of driving'

key: wad_1

de: death, time to die

hm: 2

initial: w

lx: wad

pd: (-ka Pl: wadad (ka))

ps: n4-m

see: wed (and related forms)

key: wad_2

bw: Arabic

de: border, boundary, demarcation, frontier; limit, confine; [ext.] legal sentence (to physical punishment)

hm: 1

initial: x

lx: xad

pd: (-ka Pl: xadad (ka), xudduud (da))

ps: n4-m, n8-m

syn: antaro, seere, soohdin

key: xad_1

de: steal, rob

hm: 2

initial: x

lx: xad

pd: (xaday)

ps: v1=tr

key: xad_2

de: I do / he does (X)

hm: 2

lx: -adaa

ps: v3a-1sg/3m-prhb

xe: I buy rice.

xv: Bariis baan iibsadaa

key: -adaa_2

a: =-ato

de: you do not do (X)

hm: 1

lx: -atid

ps: v3-2sg-neg-prhb

key: -atid_1

de: may you do (X)

hm: 2

lx: -atid

ps: v3-2sg-opt

xe: May you buy the car from him!

xv: =-ato

key: -atid_2

de: they do (X)

hm: 5

lx: -taan

ps: v3b-3pl-prhb

xe: they understand

xv: gartaan

key: -taan_5

de: stubborn, obstinate, hard-headed

hm: 5

lx: madax

pd: (madax-adkaa)

ps: adj-cmp

key: madax_5