-a_6 — Macnaha & Turjumaada

1

de: [FUTURE TIME MARKER]

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -a

4

ps: np-time

5

xe: at noon; Contrast -ii, -to

6

xv: duhurka

7

key: -a_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: [FOCUS] Abr: baa

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -aa

4

ps: focus-suf

5

xe: I used to own this shop.

6

xv: Dukaankan anigaa lahaan jirey.

7

key: -aa_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: -ism, -cy [ABSTRACT NOUN] Forms an abstract feminine noun

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -ad

4

ps: n1-f-abs-suf

5

xe: imperialism

6

xv: also: -iyad

7

key: -ad_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: [ADJECTIVAL, INCHOATIVE ~ PASSIVE VERB] Derives inchoative verbs from adjectives

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -an

4

ps: v1-inch-suf

5

xe: got sold

6

xv: gadan > gadmay

7

key: -an_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: my

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -ay

4

ps: pro-det-1sg

5

see: =-kayga

6

key: -ay_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

(I) Capretto fino a 6 mesi;

2

(S) WAXAR (S. g.: Uaḥàr, Waḥara)

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

(I) Capretto fino a 6 mesi;

2

(E) Kid, up to 6 months

3

(S) WAXAR (S. g.: Uaḥàr, Waḥara)

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: -ka after c, h, kh, q, x, '

2

de: the [MASCULINE DEFINITE ARTICLE]

3

hm: 1

4

lx: -a

5

ps: det-m-suf

6

xe: the head

7

xv: madaxa

8

key: -a_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: you all do (X)! [IMPERATIVE PLURAL]

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -a

4

ps: v-imp-pl

5

xe: You all eat it!

6

xv: Cuna!

7

key: -a_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: don't! [NEGATIVE IMPERATIVE PLURAL] Added to imperative singular form

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -a

4

ps: v-neg-imp-pl

5

xe: Dont you all bring it!', Ha safeynnina! 'Don't clean it!', Ha imannina! 'Don't come!

6

xv: Ha keenina!

7

key: -a_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: he / she is not ...; they are not ...

2

hm: 4

3

lx: -a

4

ps: v5a-3-neg-prhb

5

xe: She doesn't like (it).

6

xv: Mey jecla

7

key: -a_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: it is ... who does (X) Reduced subject verb agreement suffix

2

hm: 5

3

lx: -a

4

ps: v-subj-prhb

5

xe: It is I who want it.

6

xv: Aniga ayaa raba.

7

key: -a_5

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: I am not

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -i

4

ps: v5a-1sg-neg-prhb

5

xe: I am not slim.

6

xv: Maan dhuubni

7

key: -i_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: NOUN DECLENSION SIX FORMER

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -o

4

ps: n6-f-suf

5

xe: drive > waddo 'road', sheeg 'tell' > sheeko 'story

6

xv: wad

7

key: -o_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: became, got [INCHOATIVE] Added to an adjective to form an inchoative verb of Conjugation 3a

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -aad

4

ps: v3a-inch-suf

5

xe: became white, brightened

6

xv: -aw or -ow [imp-sg], -aan [inf, aux, prog]

7

key: -aad_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: become, get [INCHOATIVE]

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -aan

4

ps: v3a-inch-inf

5

xe: get bad

6

xv: -aw or -ow [imp-sg], -aad

7

key: -aan_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: do not (X)!

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -san

4

ps: v3a-neg-imp-sg

5

key: -san_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: I do (X) / he does (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -aa

4

ps: v1-1sg/3m-prhb

5

xe: I go to the movies.

6

xv: Shaneemada baan tagaa.

7

key: -aa_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: your

2

hm: 4

3

lx: -aa

4

ps: pro-det-2sg

5

xe: your name

6

xv: =-kaaga

7

key: -aa_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: I / he was

2

hm: 5

3

lx: -aa

4

ps: v5a-1sg/3m-past

5

xe: He was heavy.

6

xv: Wuu cuslaa.

7

key: -aa_5

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: [FEMININE OCCUPATION]

2

hm: 5

3

lx: -ad

4

ps: n1-f-suf

5

xe: female doctor

6

xv: dhakhtarad

7

key: -ad_5

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-kan

2

de: this

3

hm: 4

4

lx: -an

5

ps: det-m-suf

6

xe: this street

7

xv: dariiqan

8

key: -an_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: [ADJECTIVE DERIVING SUFFIX] Makes adjectives from verbs

2

hm: 5

3

lx: -an

4

ps: adj-suf

5

xv: aammusan, sugan, xiran

6

key: -an_5

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: to [AUTOBENEFACTIVE INFINITIVE]

2

hm: 7

3

lx: -an

4

ps: v3-inf-suf

5

xe: to listen';

6

xv: -i (2)

7

key: -an_7

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: did not (X)

2

hm: 8

3

lx: -an

4

ps: v3-neg-past

5

xe: did not catch

6

xv: =-annin

7

key: -an_8

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: become, get [INCHOATIVE]

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -aw

4

ps: v3a-inch-imp

5

xe: get near';

6

xv: -aan [inf], -aad

7

key: -aw_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-ow

2

de: become, get [INCHOATIVE]

3

hm: 4

4

lx: -aw

5

ps: v1-inch-imp

6

see: =-oob

7

key: -aw_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: I / he did (X)

2

hm: 3

3

lx: -ay

4

ps: v1-1sg/3m-past

5

xe: he wrote

6

xv: =-ey

7

key: -ay_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: he did (X)

2

hm: 4

3

lx: -ay

4

ps: v3-3m-ipst

5

xe: He stopped. (independent past form, used for emphasis)

6

xv: Joogs‡y.

7

key: -ay_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-aay

2

de: hey you! [FEMININE VOCATIVE]

3

hm: 5

4

lx: -ay

5

ps: n-f-voc-suf

6

key: -ay_5

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: -ta on feminine nouns ending in a vowel, d, h, kh, x, w, y, or '

2

de: the [FEMININE DEFINITE ARTICLE]

3

hm: 1

4

lx: -da

5

ps: det-f-suf

6

key: -da_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: [IMPERATIVE PLURAL]

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -da

4

ps: v3-imp-pl

5

xe: stop!

6

xv: joogsada

7

key: -da_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: suppose I do / he does (X)

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -ee

4

ps: v1-1sg/3m-pot

5

key: -ee_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: =-ka after nouns that end in a vowel

2

de: the [MASCULINE DEFINITE ARTICLE]

3

hm: 3

4

lx: -ha

5

ps: det-m-suf

6

xe: the water

7

xv: biyo ~ biyaha

8

key: -ha_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: -a, -ga, -ha

2

de: the [MASCULINE DEFINITE ARTICLE] Provides new information

3

hm: 3

4

lx: -ka

5

ps: det-m-suf

6

key: -ka_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: FUTURE TIME MARKER

2

hm: 4

3

lx: -ka

4

ps: np-time

5

xe: next year; Contrast: -kii

6

xv: sannadka dambe

7

key: -ka_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: not; does not ~ doesn't; do, did ~ will not Introduces negative statement; can also be used as a suffix

2

hm: 1

3

lx: -ma

4

ps: neg

5

key: -ma_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: INTERROGATIVE ~ QUESTION MARKER

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -ma

4

ps: qw-class

5

xe: when?

6

xv: goorma

7

key: -ma_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: and

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -na

4

ps: conj-suf

5

xe: He drank liquor and he got drunk.

6

xv: Khamri buu cabbey wuuna sakhraamay.

7

key: -na_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

FIELD24: qofna

2

FIELD25: no one

3

FIELD26: waxna

4

FIELD27: nothing

5

de: not

6

hm: 3

7

lx: -na

8

ps: neg-suf

9

xe: not one

10

xv: midna

11

key: -na_3

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: it is we who do (X)

2

hm: 4

3

lx: -na

4

ps: v1-1pl-subj-prhb

5

xe: While we were in the house, the letter arrived.

6

xv: Annagoo guriga joogna, warqaddii ayaa timid.

7

key: -na_4

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

a: -dha, -da, -sha

2

de: the [FEMININE DEFINITE ARTICLE] Provides new information

3

hm: 1

4

lx: -ta

5

ps: det-f-suf

6

key: -ta_1

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: IMPERATIVE PLURAL

2

hm: 2

3

lx: -ta

4

ps: v3b-imp-pl

5

xe: catch it!

6

xv: qabta

7

key: -ta_2

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: livestock

2

hm: 6

3

lx: bar

4

pd: (-ta)

5

ps: n0-f

6

syn: xoolo

7

key: bar_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: firmness, tenacity; [ext.] man of firm judgement; [atr.] decisive; stubborn Opp: labaclabac

2

hm: 6

3

lx: hal

4

pd: (-ga)

5

ps: n0-m / n2a-m

6

key: hal_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: have; affected, afflicted

2

hm: 6

3

lx: qab

4

nt: qaba 'affected'

5

pd: (qabaa)

6

ps: adj-der

7

key: qab_6

waa la naqliyay ✓

1

de: you all do (X)

2

hm: 6

3

lx: -saan

4

ps: v2a-2pl-prhb

5

xe: you all cook

6

xv: karisaan

7

key: -saan_6

waa la naqliyay ✓